PIECEs India: Reflections on the SALT-CLCP Knowledge Fair
The SALT-CLCP Knowledge Fair took place in the first week of January 2025 in Chennai. The PIECEs research project’s Chennai team and mental health service users of SCARF (I) met the Avani team from Kolhapur, Maharashtra. Avani is a not-for-profit that helps children, women, and communities who face social and financial challenges to rebuild their lives with dignity and stability. The knowledge fair was organized to showcase how Avani and the PIECEs India team used SALT-CLCP in their work, exchange learnings with each other and explore ways to refine our practice.
The atmosphere in the event hall was busy. The PIECEs & the Avani team may have felt outnumbered, as the room was filled with service users (a welcome change), discussing what the event could be about. We shared, “It’s going to be all about you and your experiences with SALT,” and their excitement grew.
The fair created a space where the service users became part of something bigger. It redefined the traditional hierarchies by placing mental health professionals (MHPs) and service users on the same plane, as participants in an event. A space where all of us had something relevant, meaningful, and equal to bring to the table. However, language remained a significant barrier. While translation was available for service users who didn’t understand English, continuity in conversations still felt off, highlighting how language can divide professionals and patients. This was highlighted when a service user spoke about his relationship with his mother so emotionally that the translation could not do justice.

The research team shares their dream for the mental health community
The mental health service users share their dreams for the future
On day one, we engaged in SALT conversations, not just as an icebreaker but as a way to refresh our practice and get to know each other. This allowed us to get to know the Avani team on a personal level. One particularly inspiring story was that of Anuradhaji, whose persistence and determination have shaped not only her life but also the lives of the children she rescues. She seems to grasp every opportunity that comes her way, with a clear vision of the big picture. It made me wonder, “What is my big picture? what kind of impact do I want my work to have?”
Reflecting on this, I considered my own position, as someone raised in the city, a second-generation graduate, and an able-bodied woman with privileges that shape my perspective. Avani, on the other hand, works with some of the most underserved communities, where multiple vulnerabilities intersect, including extreme poverty and child labor in remote rural areas. Their approach is deeply intertwined with the lived realities of the people they work with.
A powerful example of community-led action came from Nandwal village, where local residents conducted their own research to understand why their village had high suicide rates. Often, we assume that people must first fully understand an issue before they can act on it. For instance, we believe that if people recognize mental illness as similar to physical illness or have more awareness about it, they will seek help sooner or not discriminate. However, the reality is more complex. Even when communities may not completely understand an issue, if it significantly affects their lives, and they feel some amount of ownership, they would find ways to make sense of it and act on it.
This made me wonder: How can we translate such community-driven efforts into our work with persons with lived experience of mental illness? Unlike Nandwal, where the community identified and acted on a shared concern, there is no existing community of persons with lived experience or caregivers that we can tap into. What can the government or non-profits do to address challenges that are deeply entrenched across an entire country? These questions remain unanswered.
As we shared and discussed how SALT-CLCP has transformed lives, I found myself questioning:
- How much of this transformation can be credited to the SALT-CLCP process?
- How much is due to the facilitators who guide the process?
- And most importantly, how much of the credit belongs to the individuals making the change themselves?
These questions lingered within me, as we listened to more stories of positive change emerging from the communities.

The participants respond to how SALT-CLCP has changed their perspectives
The SALT-CLCP Knowledge Fair was a space for reflection, learning, and inspiration. It reinforced the importance of creating platforms where service users are not just present but actively shape the conversation around their care. It also highlighted the ongoing challenges we face in involving the end user in conversations, particularly in bridging language and knowledge barriers.
As we move forward, the real challenge is not just in learning new or refining our methodologies but in ensuring that those most affected are the ones to lead the way in shaping solutions. As we remind ourselves that, creating change is not about introducing new methodologies, but about the people who bring them to life.
Upscaling DIALOG+ through Quality Improvement and System Strengthening Workshops – Karachi, Pakistan
From May to September 2024, the PIECEs research team in Pakistan conducted a series of Quality Improvement (QI) training workshops with 14 participants from four local hospitals in Karachi (one public and three private). These workshops aimed to support the broader implementation of DIALOG+, an app-mediated intervention designed to improve patient outcomes through structured, personalized conversations while addressing challenges in its adoption and use.
The QI workshops focused on empowering healthcare professionals with practical tools to drive small but impactful changes in their facilities. Over a total of five sessions, each lasting three hours, participants explored QI methodologies and their real-world applications.
A Step-by-Step Approach to Quality Improvement
The initial sessions introduced participants to the basics of QI, including the ELFT sequence and the Model for Improvement. During these workshops, participants:
- Identified specific problems in DIALOG+ implementation.
- Selected measurable outcomes, such as the number of completed DIALOG+ sessions.
- Applied analytical tools like the 5 Whys and Fishbone Diagram to uncover the root causes of challenges.
Building on these foundations, participants worked in seven groups to develop their own QI projects. Each group was tasked with defining a SMART aim and creating a stakeholder team at their respective facilities. These teams met fortnightly to refine their projects based on feedback and progress.
Practical Applications: Tools for Change
To deepen their understanding, participants engaged in practical exercises like process mapping, flow charts, and Pareto charts, which helped them visualize challenges and prioritize solutions. By the end of the training, healthcare professionals from Karwan-e-Hayat, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Lady Dufferin Hospital, and Karachi Psychiatric Hospital had developed tailored QI projects, each targeting key areas for improvement as follows:
- Workplace Improvement Initiatives: 4 QI projects aimed to enhance job satisfaction among healthcare staff and students by leveraging DIALOG+ sessions to address workplace stressors and improve the “job satisfaction domain.”
- Psychiatric Care: Two QI projects aimed to enhance mental health outcomes for patients and caregivers by using DIALOG+ sessions to improve ratings in the mental health domain. Another project focused on reducing average counselling time during follow-ups, particularly in high-volume community settings/psychiatric camps.
A Collaborative Path Forward
The collaborative efforts of local hospitals and the PIECEs research team underscore the potential of QI training to overcome DIALOG+ implementation challenges at health facilities. By equipping healthcare workers with the skills to analyze problems and implement targeted solutions, these initiatives are paving the way for more effective and sustainable use of DIALOG+ in Pakistan.
This journey demonstrates the power of small, consistent changes to drive significant improvements in mental health care delivery, offering a model that can be replicated across similar contexts.
Here are some key moments from QI workshops captured below:
QI participants from 3 private facilities, analyzing root causes using the “5 Whys” exercise

QI participants brainstorming sources of improvement ideas

PIECEs team demonstrating Fishbone exercise in a QI session

QI participants conducted a Fishbone exercise

QI Huddle with Project Stakeholders (Caregivers and Psychiatric Ward Staff)

Participants from the public hospital completing the QI workshops


